The Shift Between The Middle Ages And Renaissance Essay

The shift between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance was characterized by great socio-economic, political, and religious changes. Politically, the feudal system of the Middle Ages was exchanged for a more stable centralized republic/monarchy system that gave the people more freedom and input. Religiously, secularism became more important as stability gave people a chance to concern themselves with the â€Å"here and now† rather than simply the â€Å"hereafter.† Socially, there was a shift from dogma and unshakeable belief to humanism and the ability to interpret things for oneself. The Middle Ages began around 400 CE and lasted until 1400 CE while the Renaissance began around 1200 and continued until 1600. The 200 years that overlap between†¦show more content†¦The Chansons de Geste are epic poetry from French literature around the time of Charlemagne that myth logically told the stories of paladins, knights, and lords. An illumination from this manuscri pt called Roland Fealty (attached) shows Roland, a well-known leader of the time pledging his allegiance, or fealty, to Charlemagne as a vassal pledging his allegiance to his lord. Roland and his men have one hand in the air and are depicted as knights with swords on their sides, as is customary of leaders during this time. Charlemagne’s face is full of strength and wisdom as he embodies the characteristics of an ideal leader. The piece is similar to other well-known works from the time such as the Ottonian Otto III enthroned. The transitional piece of the Limbourg brothers October from Les Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry depicts the vassals working in the fields while the castle in the background shows the prevalence of feudalism even in the early 15th century. The statue David by Donatello was patronized by the Medici family and depicts David from the Biblical David and Goliath story in which tiny David kills the giant with only a stone. David was a moral figure f or Florence because he represented them earlier during this time in which they were living under threat of invasion by King Ladislaus. The Medici’s chose to patronize another statue of him, perhaps to revive humanism even more. During this time, the Medici family was coming to power inShow MoreRelatedThe Transition Of Medieval And Modern Times1235 Words   |  5 Pageshappened over a long period of time. The middle ages marked a dark time in Europe’s history, and the people were anxious to get out. The Renaissance began, and art emerged to create a brighter society. During the Reformation, the country shifted away from the Roman Catholic Church, and many Protestant religions emerged. The Scientific Revolution also marked a change in medical to modern by creating new ways to look at the world and mathematics. The Age of Discovery marked yet another change inRead MoreArt and Architecture in the Middle Ages and Renaissance Essay949 Words   |  4 PagesThe differ ence between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance is most visible through art and architecture, demonstrated specifically through an emphasis on religion or classical antiquity, and humanity. During the Middle Ages, art was more religious because it had a very religious influence from the church having such great power in the community. When the Renaissance started, art became more focused on ancient Greece. The Greek influence was because scholars were broadly studying the revival of classicalRead MoreThe Renaissance And The Middle Ages1516 Words   |  7 PagesThe Middle Ages were regarded as a dark and desolate time period in history. Society during this time had no social progress, incessant wars, extreme violence, and no improvement to intellect or education. The Renaissance marked the end of the Middle Ages lasting roughly from the early 1400s to the 17th century. The Renaissance was exceptionally different from the Dark Ages because the human intellect, social climate, and t he beliefs of Renaissance men was the opposite of the Middle Ages. ActingRead MoreDbq the Renaissance818 Words   |  4 PagesThe Renaissance was primarily thought of as being a period in which the revival of learning flourished, and the arts changed for the better and ideas became more focused life on earth. It was a time when new ideas of individualism, the thought of secularism and the interest in human ideas jumpstarted a new and freer lifestyle for everyone. The new ideas formed in the renaissance made enough impact on the world them and ever since that it deserves to be called its own era. The medieval timesRead MoreThe Influence of Renaissance in Art and Architecture947 Words   |  4 PagesThe influences of any era is evident through artwork and architecture. During the Middle Ages the main influence was the church, this is evident through the focus on biblical and religious symbols. During the Renaissance the main focus was the study of people. This is shown through the increase in self portraits and classical antiquity-inspired buildings. The change between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance is best shown through the art and architecture, demonstrated specifically through an emphasisRead MoreMedieval Vs. Renaissance Literature1323 Words   |  6 Pagesand Renaissance Literature The medieval literature is a clear depiction of the Christian’s changed perception in relation to Christ’s second coming. Initially, the majority of the readings focused entirely on three aspects that resonate around Jesus’ second coming, an anticipated resurrection for the faithful and the ultimate judgment. Judgment in this case was beyond human comprehension and it was regarded as God’s preserve. With the ‘second coming’ becoming extremely remote, middle age literatureRead MoreThe Renaissance : A Rebirth Of The Ideas Of Ancient Greece923 Words   |  4 PagesThe Renaissance was a rebirth of the ideas of ancient Greece and Rome that began in the City States of Italy during the 14th century. The cultural resurgence began a new style of living in Europe after the horrors of the black death, and is seen as the beginning of the culture of the modern world. As Wassace K. Ferguson put in his book The Renaissance, the Italian artists grew tired o f the darkness of Medieval Times and began to turn to the brighter times found in the classical ages (Doc 7). TheRead MoreThe Renaissance And Its Impact On The European Renaissance1694 Words   |  7 PagesWith the dark ages coming to end and the economy of Europe slowly beginning to rise again, a giant scale cultural revolution like never before was slowly beginning to sweep over Europe. Becoming what we now know as the European Renaissance, every aspect of European life changed because of this revolution. The Renaissance began a renewed interest in the people to seek knowledge and question what the world around them meant. The Renaissance wasn’t just about learning however, it included exploringRead MoreA Comparison of The Middle Ages vs. The Renaissance Essay1530 Words   |  7 PagesThe Middle Ages and Renaissance where worlds apart in every aspect of life. In areas of art, tools such as perspective, realism, and individualism showed the great leap in creativity during the Renaissance. Likewise, the worldly individual, or the â€Å"Renaissance Man†, was an improvement over the ignorant, spiritual man of the Middle Ages. Also, the revival of classical learning and education that occurred in the Renaissance was the exact opposite of the suppression of learning during the Middle AgesRead MoreThose Horrible Middle Ages !1433 Words   |  6 PagesAs indicated by the sarcastic title of her book â€Å"Those Terrible Middle Ages!† French historian Rà ©gine Pernoud addresses this commonly held misconception. She argues this time in history spanning approximately a thousand years as well as the image of the Church, have been irresponsibly represented. Her examination of this time period reveals that it is not the Church, but modernism that generates a return to the classical ideology of antiquity. These ancient pagan beliefs of the distant past are not

Design Thinking and Innovation at Apple - 1398 Words

Apple Case Assignment Abstract The purpose of this assignment is to access the â€Å"Apple way† and understand the source of their systematic innovation and the way to sustain it. The major source of innovation is design thinking, which is also discussed based on Apple case. Finally, Steve Jobs is compared to other major industry player, Bill Gates, in order to understand their major difference and compare their success stories. Is there a systematic approach to Innovation at Apple? How would you characterize it? List at least 3 examples from the case. 1. From the start Apple has been extremely systematic in its approach to innovation. Fine products do not materialize out of thin air; they are a direct result of creative thinking†¦show more content†¦Roll out the new product and sit back while each buyer of the first product rushes to purchase the new version. Sales are generated not only by the product improvements but also by the company’s smart use of generational psychology (â€Å"gotta have the latest!†) and a relentless public relations campaigns culminating in the slick invitation-only rollout featuring Mr. Jobs himself. This system, while not revolutionary (â€Å"marginal improvement system† was discovered by automobile industry 60 years ago), results in steady products improvements coupling each relatively minor enhancement with high revenues nearly as strong as the original product’s ones. Systematic innovation is also demonstrated in â€Å"design sense† - Apple’s tendency t o design what seems simple and intuitive to the consumer. The introduction of the iPod Mini, which would not have been supported by classic marketing principles, is an excellent example of this. Apple bet that the public would purchase the sleeker, flashier, more compact version of its iPod even though the small size meant sacrificing the amount of music that could be stored. They based this assumption on the fact that consumers crave first and foremost simplicity and functionality. The Mini was a tremendous success and not only because of its reduced size, but also due to its myriad of colors. â€Å"Design sense† allowed Apple to produce a lighter more portable product with enhanced aesthetic qualities, while sacrificing something that turned out not to beShow MoreRelatedDesign Thinking and Innovation at Apple1406 Words   |  6 PagesApple Case Assignment Abstract The purpose of this assignment is to access the â€Å"Apple way† and understand the source of their systematic innovation and the way to sustain it. The major source of innovation is design thinking, which is also discussed based on Apple case. Finally, Steve Jobs is compared to other major industry player, Bill Gates, in order to understand their major difference and compare their success stories. Is there a systematic approach to Innovation at Apple? How would you characterizeRead MoreDesign, Thinking and Innovation at Apple1387 Words   |  6 Pages1. Executive Summary Apple as one of the most famous and successful corporations and brands in the world can attribute its past success to Steve Jobs and their employees. The whole organisation understands the companies (mainly Steve Jobs) vision and philosophy. In Apple, employees think that they can change the world and bring completely new values to the customers by design and innovation. They not only want to deliver these new values in a simple way, but also want to provide the customersRead MoreApple - Design Thinking and Innovation at Apple7835 Words   |  32 Pagesbeginnin ined in the U cial strength a the worst rec n and annua General Elec firms had larg ned to Apple, Jobs, after all as coming bac ore commitme nce being fou uter hardwa hone, and re els. Moreover ublishing bus r and its appl hs after launc one who used miliar object. So pple’s succes g. It came fro ire to develop c within the f dreams of mi its eyes on the s Apple ven etitors, the r any often def _______________ and independent r solely as the basis ineffectiveRead MoreDesign Thinking and Innovation at Apple1000 Words   |  4 PagesBACKGROUND: Apple has been a leader in innovation for years and has been able to achieve so by striving hard to deliver insanely great products with simplicity and sophistication. The constant need for innovation, development of unique product development strategies and their prompt execution, the presence of the visionary, Steve Jobs and their bold attitude at business experimentation formed the basis of principles at Apple. During mid-1970s, computers were mere automation devices and were notRead MoreApple s Design Thinking And Innovation At Apple906 Words   |  4 PagesKierson Wilfley October 29, 2014 BBUS 471 Apple Ideas Case 1. After reading Design Thinking and Innovation at Apple, it is quit obvious why Apple has been so successful. One reason is that they had great products and services to offer such as design thinking and clear development strategy. Their Design Thinking is what connected Apple’s designers and customers because of the emotion that was transferred. This was seen with the original Macintosh. Bill Atkinson said â€Å" . . . There was an emotionalRead MoreDesign Thinking1006 Words   |  5 Pagesreport---Design Thinking and Innovation at Apple Qi YU Q1. Why has Apple been so successful? What do you attribute it to? For several years, Apple has been ranked as the most innovative company in the world, but how it has achieved such success remains mysterious because of the company s obsession with secrecy. Now researchers and business men have found more about its success. According to the case, the main reasons are showed as following. Product: 1. Technology innovation ComputersRead MoreSteve Jobs s Uses Great Business Strategy Lead The Apple Company1247 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: Many years ago people will think apple is a fruit. Nowadays, when people talking about Apple, we will think they are talking about Apple products. Apple Inc. is a famous company in creating new products and launching innovative technology. It leads the word to a new technology on many kinds of electronic products, and creates many kinds of products such as cell phone, portable computer, table computer, media player, and monitor. Apple during many times leadership change, they foundRead MoreEmpathy And Design Thinking Steve Jobs1544 Words   |  7 Pagessignificant characteristic of a design thinker and leads to ultimate success in the business environment. Empathy allows an entrepreneur such as Steve Jobs to gain an understanding of the human experience and develop Apple products that adhere to the desirability of customers. This human centred methodology and culture of innovation allows a design thinker to examine and understand perspectives of others both imaginatively and affecti vely. By utilising empathy in design thinking Steve Jobs was able to developRead MoreEssay about Apple Strategy1710 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Magical Apple Apple’s over-arching company strategy follows an innovative, mysterious and customer-centered strategy. One of the main reasons for Apple’s success has to do with their large commitment to satisfying customers while continuously innovating their products and design without creating a sense of â€Å"too much† or confusing their consumers through new operating systems. These goals, which create a unique and successful company, are achieved through the ways in which they use the fiveRead Moreâ€Å"anti-hierarchy† environment in an organization Essay969 Words   |  4 Pagesconfusion sets in different organizational units without proper management and direction of any creative thinking. Another way to encourage creative deviance is create a contemporary organizational design that inspires it. Team structure, boundaryless structure, matrix-project structure, and learning structure can promote the idea of â€Å"thinking outside the box† and innovate where innovation is not really expected. Such environments are highly flexible and responsive and strive best in less mechanistic

The Alternative Fuel Race Which One Will Go the Distance Free Essays

Since the discovery of fire a million years ago, man has gone a long way in developing sources of energy to support his way of living. Of the world’s current energy sources, about 95% come from fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and petroleum. (Cunningham Saigo, 1997). We will write a custom essay sample on The Alternative Fuel Race: Which One Will Go the Distance? or any similar topic only for you Order Now With issues such as pollution, global warming, and energy conservation, alternative fuel sources emerged, with the competitive vision of erasing the need for fossil fuels in cars. Implementing an alternative for petroleum in vehicles entails many concerns, such as availability, cost of production, energy output, and level of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (Farrell et al. , 2006; Hill et al. , 2006). At present, ethanol, battery power, and hybrids are available as alternative fuel sources for passenger vehicles. The question now is: which of these three has what it takes to replace fossil fuels? This research paper aims to give an overview of three alternative fuel options for passenger vehicles existing today: ethanol, battery power, and hybrid cars. The data and issues presented in this paper should provide information to the general public about the pros and cons of each, and hopefully will aid in the decision as to which alternative fuel is the best option for possibly replacing fossil fuels in passenger cars. To examine each alternative fuel option, the researcher uses information gathered from peer-reviewed journals and news articles published within the past decade. Each of the three topics for investigation is first defined before data is presented and interpreted. The data covers a brief explanation of each fuel option, including statistics and results from studies conducted on them. Also included in this report are economic and environmental pros and cons of the three presented options for passenger cars. This paper does not give mention to the implications of ethanol, battery power, and hybrids on industries other than passenger vehicles. Furthermore, this research does not cover political and cultural issues affecting the implementation of alternative fuels. How to cite The Alternative Fuel Race: Which One Will Go the Distance?, Papers

Forensics Report

Question: Write a Forensics report on the spoofed email case of XYZ Corporation's, a software firm providing web services and solutions. Answer: Introduction The report is a Forensics report on the spoofed e-mail case of XYZ Corporations, a software firm providing web services and solutions. XYZ Corporations were a victim of E-mail spoofing and had to pay a huge toll on its reputation in the market and the reliability in the eyes of its customers. The company has its primary domain as Finance and also deals in commercial and healthcare domains. With the name of XYZ Corporations, hoax e-mails were sent to hundreds of its clients demanding for money in the name of shares and profits. Some of the clients were trapped in trick of the attackers and sent their hard earned money in fraudulent hands. Digital Forensics Digital Forensics is the branch of science that works in the area of electronic crimes by keeping the base as the digital evidences such as PCs, laptops, mobile devices, tablets and likewise ("Digital Evidence and Forensics | National Institute of Justice", 2016). With the increase in the electronic crimes, the law enforcement agencies are incorporating the use of digital forensics and evidences in their infrastructure to minimize such happenings. Analysis Questions Asked Relevant to the Case As the Digital Forensics Examiner, the following sets of questions were asked from the team of XYZ Corporations to understand the case in a better way. What is the e-mail address that was used for spoofing? Was there any involvement of the internal network of the company in sending or replying to the mails? Which employees have the admin rights in the company? What are the different administrators and their privileges? What are the user privileges and user types in every department? What was demanded from the clients in the spoofed e-mail? Was there a particular group of clients who were targeted? ("Example of An Expert Witness Digital forensics Report", 2016) Why was the e-mail address spoofed? The email address was spoofed from the internal network of the company that is XYZ Corporations. Hence, the reason behind the same was malicious insider attack. An employee from the company gained unauthenticated privileges and impersonated using a false e-mail ID to trick the clients and acquire money from them. A handsome amount was demanded from each and every client by tempting them to invest an initial sum and gain a good share of the companys assets and profits (The Huffington Post, 2015). How was the e-mail address spoofed?Spoofing of email address is not a complicated task. The basic requirements of spoofing an e-mail address are an SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) server and applicable e-mail software. The website hosting service of XYZ Corporations provides an SMTP server in the hosting package itself. The port that is utilized by SMTP is 25 and most of the ISPs block the same. An attacker made use of an SMTP server to show a different from address than the actual registered address of the company. However, to the clients, it looked like it actually came from the specified address. When an SMTP email is sent, the initial connection provides two pieces of address information: MAIL FROM: It is usually present as the return path to the receiver. It is the header which is normally visible to the end user. By default, there are no validations or checks that are installed to verify that the sending system is authorized and authenticated to send across such information. RCPT TO: This is the recipient address that is the address of the designated delivery. It may or may not be visible to the end user and is present in the header section. Every time an attacker sent an email message, the receiving server of the clients compared the IP of the origin for the message and the one that was listed in the SPF record for the host that is the @xyz.com part (Lifehacker.com, 2016). The attacker made sure that the two IP addresses match each other and could pass through as a success for the recipient. However, if the IP addresses would not have matched, the same mail would have been sent to the spam or would have been rejected. It was the receiving server that did not have the mechanism to protect it from the e-mail spoofing. Original Address v/s Spoofed Address A comparison was made between the original e-mail address of XYZ Corporations and the e-mail address that was used for spoofing. The attacker made sure that the IP addresses of the two matched at the site of the recipient and made very minor changes in the address name which would normally go unnoticed ("Example of An Expert Witness Digital forensics Report", 2016). Findings Search and Seizer and Transport of Evidence A warrant was issued for the search and seizer of the devices and the network that was utilized for sending and receiving the mails. The devices under suspicion were to be analyzed to have stronger evidences. The materials that were acquired from XYZ Corporations were carefully packages and a chain of custody was efficiently established; so to ensure the integrity of the evidence. List of Criminal Offence Cyber crimes refer to the crimes that make use of computer system as a primary means of commission ("What is cybercrime? - Definition from WhatIs.com", 2016). There has been a serious loss to the information of XYZ Corporations along with tarnishing of the image of the company in the eyes of customer. The information that has been exposed in an unauthenticated and unauthorized manner is as listed below. Sensitive: It consists of the pieces of information that are critical to the organization and demand a supremely high degree of protection. For instance, the information associated with the client details of XYZ Corporations that was acquired comes under this category (University, 2016). Confidential: This one is the classification of information that consists of those pieces that are of high importance to a particular organization along with its associated parties such as business partners, end users, stakeholders and likewise. Private: These are the information that is personal for an employee such as his or her details and the exposure of the same may result in loss of privacy. Public: The information that is fit to be shared with the public falls under this category ("Information Security - Province of British Columbia", 2016). Security Measures for XYZ Corporations Turn up the spam filters, and use of tools like Priority Inbox. It is necessary to set the span filters in a little stronger manner to protect and prevent from such attacks. It would help in landing of the spam email in the spam box rather than the inbox on the basis of the SPF checks. Priority inbox sets the priority for the frequent senders and thus allows them an edge above the others. If any of these contacts is spoofed, then it would be easier to detect the attack. Learn to read message headers, and trace IP addresses. It is a good skill to possess if the user knows the details of how to track the source of a spam. In case of an attack, the user would be able to open up the header and match the one from the original sender and the one that has been spoofed. The comparison between the two would provide clear results and no scope would be left for an attack to take place. Never click unfamiliar links or download unfamiliar attachments. It is commonly seen that the users click on the links that just by a glance look fishy and unreliable. The attachments and links from unfamiliar sources should be completely avoided looking at the increased occurrence of events such as spoofing and phishing. Audit the e-mail to see how it responds to SPF and DMARC records. It is advisable to check the junk e-mail folders and request the web hosts on the change in the configuration of SMTP server. If there is a self domain, file DMARC records for it. DMARC records should be filed for every single domain name to prevent the attackers from attacking it with spoofed e-mails and unwanted attachments to trick people. Conclusions XYZ Corporations is software firm that deals with proving finance related services and solutions. It had become a victim of e-mail spoofing and the same was done with the use of an internal network by a malicious insider. The report has analyzed all the aspects of the case and the process begun with questioning from the employees and performing a root cause analysis as to how and why the attack was done. The findings include the device details and the network details that were used during the attack and the list of offences have also been reported. E-mail spoofing is not rocket science and can easily be done and executed. All it required is a SMTP server and appropriate software. It is recommended to make use of measures such as stronger SPF and DMARC records, frequent checks and not relying on the unfamiliar links to prevent such attacks from taking place. References (2016). Forensic Focus. Retrieved 20 May 2016. adfmedia.org,. (2016). Retrieved 20 May 2016. arxiv.org,. (2016). Retrieved 20 May 2016. Cybercrime / Cybercrime / Crime areas / Internet / Home - INTERPOL. (2016). Interpol.int. Retrieved 20 May 2016. Digital Evidence and Forensics | National Institute of Justice. (2016). National Institute of Justice. R. Example of An Expert Witness Digital forensics Report. (2016). Academia.edu. Retrieved 20 May 2016. Information Security - Province of British Columbia. (2016). Cio.gov.bc.ca. Retrieved 20 May 2016. Lifehacker.com,. (2016). Lifehacker.com. Retrieved 20 May 2016. Shinder, D. (2004). Understanding E-mail Spoofing. WindowSecurity.com. Retrieved 20 May 2016. The Huffington Post,. (2015). The Huffington Post. Retrieved 20 May 2016. University, C. (2016). Guidelines for Data Classification-Computing Services ISO - Carnegie Mellon University. Cmu.edu. Retrieved 20 May 2016.